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When papers are filed with the court, an index number is assigned to the case. The index number serves as a unique identifier for each case filed. It is crucial for tracking legal proceedings and ensures that all related documents and filings are organized under a specific number, making it easier for court staff and parties involved to retrieve and reference the case efficiently.

In New York State courts, the index number is particularly important for managing and categorizing various cases and provides a systematic way of maintaining the court's records. This unique number facilitates the identification of the case throughout all stages of the legal process, from initial filings to final resolutions, and helps to avoid confusion with other cases.

While a case number or docket number might refer to specific aspects of the case, the index number is the primary designation given upon filing. A reference number is not standard practice in the same sense for case identification within New York’s court system. Thus, the index number is the correct term associated with the filing of legal papers in this context.